Ok, so what we have here is a linux box that cannot see the internet and the host cannot see the guest as well. This is how NAT network type behaves but you have already confirmed that your network type is Bridged.
I am suspecting the culript to be some setting in the rourter but I am not 100% sure.
In order to eliminate router from the equation lets change the setup to Host-Only. In host-only network the guest is directly connected to the host (not via router).

1- Bring VM down
2- Change network type to Host-Only
3- Bring VM up.
4- Now go to the network tool as root (the one shown in videos, where you put the static IP).
Change the IP back to dynamic. If you are confused about this part, upload the image of the settings, I will tell you what to do. It is pretty straight forward.
Close the network tool.
5- Simply reboot your VM.
6- When VM wakes up run ifconfig command and note down the IP address.
7- Go back to the network tool and put this IP as your static IP.
8- Reboot VM again.
9- Open up your Windows host file as Administrator (as shown in videos).
Change the IP address specified there againt linux.server to this new IP.

That is it. Let me know the results:
1- Can you see the login page from linux?
2- Can you see the login page from Windows?